¹tn Heb “at the end of days.”
²tn Heb “will be established as the head of the mountains.”
³tn Heb “it will be lifted up above the hills.”
⁴tn Heb “house.”
⁵tn Heb “ways.”
⁶tn Heb “and we can walk in his paths.”
⁷tn Heb “instruction [or, “law”] will go out from Zion, and the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.”
map For location see Map5-B1; Map6-F3; Map7-E2; Map8-F2; Map10-B3; JP1-F4; JP2-F4; JP3-F4; JP4-F4.
⁸tn Or “judge.”
⁹tn Or “mighty.”
¹⁰tn Heb “[for many nations] to a distance.”
¹¹tn Heb “and there will be no one making [him] afraid.”
¹²tn Heb “for the mouth of the Lord of Hosts has spoken.”
¹³tn Heb “walk each in the name of his god.” The term “name” here has the idea of “authority.” To “walk in the name” of a god is to recognize the god’s authority as binding over one’s life.
¹⁴tn Heb “walk in the name of.”
¹⁵sn The exiles of the nation are compared to lame and injured sheep.
¹⁶tn Heb “make the lame into a remnant.”
¹⁷tn The precise meaning of this difficult form is uncertain. The present translation assumes the form is a Niphal participle of an otherwise unattested denominative verb al*h* (h*l*a, “to be far off”; see BDB 229), but attractive emendations include hljnh (“the sick one[s]” [from hlj]) and halnh (“the weary one[s]” [from hal]).
¹⁸tn Heb “from now until forever.”
¹⁹tn Heb “Migdal-eder.” Some English translations transliterate this phrase, apparently because they view it as a place name (cf. NAB).
²⁰sn The city of David, located within Jerusalem, is addressed as Daughter Zion. As the home of the Davidic king, who was Israel’s shepherd (Ps 78:70-72), the royal citadel could be viewed metaphorically as the watchtower of the flock.
²¹tn Heb “to you it will come, the former dominion will arrive.”
²²tn The Hebrew form is feminine singular, indicating that Jerusalem, personified as a young woman, is now addressed (see v. 10). In v. 8 the tower/fortress was addressed with masculine forms, so there is clearly a shift in addressee here. “Jerusalem” has been supplied in the translation at the beginning of v. 9 to make this shift apparent.
²³tn Heb “Now why are you shouting [with] a shout.”
²⁴tn Heb “Is there no king over you?”
²⁵tn Traditionally, “counselor.” This refers to the king mentioned in the previous line; the title points to the king’s roles as chief strategist and policy maker, both of which required extraordinary wisdom.
²⁶tn Heb “that.” The Hebrew particle yK! (K!) is used here in a resultative sense; for this use see R. J. Williams, Hebrew Syntax, §450.
²⁷tn Heb “grabs hold of, seizes.”
²⁸tn Or perhaps “scream.”
²⁹tn Or “redeem.”
³⁰tn Heb “hand.” The Hebrew idiom is a metonymy for power or control.
³¹tn Heb “let her be desecrated.” the referent (Jerusalem) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
³²tn Heb “and let our eye look upon Zion.”
³³tn Heb “I will make your horn iron.”
³⁴sn Jerusalem (Daughter Zion at the beginning of the verse; cf. 4:8) is here compared to a powerful ox which crushes the grain on the threshing floor with its hooves.
³⁵tn Heb “and their wealth to the master of all the earth.” The verb “devote” does double duty in the parallelism and is supplied in the second line for clarification.
sn In vv. 11-13 the prophet jumps from the present crisis (which will result in exile, v. 10) to a time beyond the restoration of the exiles when God will protect his city from invaders. The Lord’s victory over the Assyrian armies in 701 b.c. foreshadowed this.