¹tn Heb “and it was at the time of the turning of the year, at the time of the going out of kings.”
²tc The translation follows the MT, which reads “of their king”; the LXX and Vulgate read “of Milcom” (cf. 1 Kgs 11:5). Milcom, also known as Molech, was the god of the Ammonites.
³sn See the note on the word “units” in 19:6.
⁴tn Heb “and it was on the head of David.”
⁵tc The Hebrew text reads “saws,” but since saws were just mentioned, it is preferable to emend twrgm, “saws,” to twrzgm, “axes.”
⁶tn Heb “battle stood.”
⁷tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Philistines) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
⁸tc The Hebrew text reads, “Elchanan son of Jair killed Lachmi the brother of Goliath the Gittite.” But it is likely that the accusative marker in front of ymjl, “Lachmi,” is a corruption of tyb, and that ymjl ta should be emended to ymjlh tyb, “the Bethlehemite.” See 2 Sam 21:19.
⁹tn Heb “and there was another battle, in Gath.”
¹⁰tn Heb “his servants.”